As-Salaam Alaikum Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu
Companions of the Prophet (PBUH) - 17th Muharram 1432 (23rd December 2010)
Narrated 'Amr bin Maimun (Radi-Allahu 'anhu):
I saw 'Umar bin Al-Khattab a few days before he was stabbed in Medina. He
was standing with Hudhaifa bin Al-Yaman and 'Uthman bin Hunaif to whom he
said, "What have you done? Do you think that you have imposed more taxation
on the land (of As-Swad i.e. 'Iraq) than it can bear?" They replied, "We
have imposed on it what it can bear because of its great yield." 'Umar
again said, "Check whether you have imposed on the land what it can not
bear." They said, "No, (we haven't)." 'Umar added, "If Allah should keep me
alive I will let the widows of Iraq need no men to support them after me."
But only four days had elapsed when he was stabbed (to death). The day he
was stabbed, I was standing and there was nobody between me and him (i.e.
Umar) except Abdullah bin 'Abbas. Whenever Umar passed between the two
rows, he would say, "Stand in straight lines."
When he saw no defect (in the rows), he would go forward and start the
prayer with Takbir. He would recite Surat Yusuf or An-Nahl or the like in
the first Rak'a so that the people may have the time to Join the prayer. As
soon as he said Takbir, I heard him saying, "The dog has killed or eaten
me," at the time he (i.e. the murderer) stabbed him. A non-Arab infidel
proceeded on carrying a double-edged knife and stabbing all the persons he
passed by on the right and left (till) he stabbed thirteen persons out of
whom seven died. When one of the Muslims saw that, he threw a cloak on him.
Realizing that he had been captured, the non-Arab infidel killed himself,
'Umar held the hand of 'Abdur-Rahman bin Auf and let him lead the prayer.
Those who were standing by the side of 'Umar saw what I saw, but the people
who were in the other parts of the Mosque did not see anything, but they
lost the voice of 'Umar and they were saying, "Subhan Allah! Subhan Allah!
(i.e. Glorified be Allah)." Abdur-Rahman bin Auf led the people a short
prayer. When they finished the prayer, 'Umar said, "O Ibn 'Abbas! Find out
who attacked me." Ibn 'Abbas kept on looking here and there for a short
time and came to say. "The slave of Al Mughira." On that 'Umar said, "The
craftsman?" Ibn 'Abbas said, "Yes." 'Umar said, "May Allah curse him. I did
not treat him unjustly. All the Praises are for Allah Who has not caused me
to die at the hand of a man who claims himself to be a Muslim. No doubt,
you and your father (Abbas) used to love to have more non-Arab infidels in
Medina." Al-Abbas had the greatest number of slaves. Ibn 'Abbas said to
'Umar. "If you wish, we will do." He meant, "If you wish we will kill
them." 'Umar said, "You are mistaken (for you can't kill them) after they
have spoken your language, prayed towards your Qibla, and performed Hajj
like yours."
Then Umar was carried to his house, and we went along with him, and the
people were as if they had never suffered a calamity before. Some said, "Do
not worry (he will be Alright soon)." Some said, "We are afraid (that he
will die)." Then an infusion of dates was brought to him and he drank it
but it came out (of the wound) of his belly. Then milk was brought to him
and he drank it, and it also came out of his belly. The people realized
that he would die. We went to him, and the people came, praising him. A
young man came saying, "O chief of the believers! Receive the glad tidings
from Allah, due to your company with Allah's Apostle and your superiority
in Islam which you know. Then you became the ruler (i.e. Caliph) and you
ruled with justice and finally you have been martyred." 'Umar said, "I wish
that all these privileges will counterbalance (my shortcomings) so that I
will neither lose nor gain anything."
When the young man turned back to leave, his clothes seemed to be touching
the ground. 'Umar said, "Call the young man back to me." (When he came
back) 'Umar said, "O son of my brother! Lift your clothes, for this will
keep your clothes clean and save you from the Punishment of your Lord."
'Umar further said, "O 'Abdullah bin 'Umar! See how much I am in debt to
others." When the debt was checked, it amounted to approximately eighty-six
thousand. 'Umar said, "If the property of 'Umar's family covers the debt,
then pay the debt thereof; otherwise request it from Bani 'Adi bin Ka'b,
and if that too is not sufficient, ask for it from Quraish tribe, and do
not ask for it from any one else, and pay this debt on my behalf."
'Umar then said (to 'Abdullah), "Go to 'Aisha (the mother of the believers)
and say: "Umar is paying his salutation to you. But don't say: 'The chief
of the believers,' because today I am not the chief of the believers. And
say: "Umar bin Al-Khattab asks the permission to be buried with his two
companions (i.e. the Prophet, and Abu Bakr)." Abdullah greeted 'Aisha and
asked for the permission for entering, and then entered to her and found
her sitting and weeping. He said to her, "'Umar bin Al-Khattab is paying
his salutations to you, and asks the permission to be buried with his two
companions." She said, "I had the idea of having this place for myself, but
today I prefer Umar to myself." When he returned it was said (to 'Umar),
"'Abdullah bin 'Umar has come." 'Umar said, "Make me sit up." Somebody
supported him against his body and 'Umar asked ('Abdullah), "What news do
you have?" He said, "O chief of the believers! It is as you wish. She has
given permission." 'Umar said, "Praise be to Allah, there was nothing more
important to me than this. So when I die, take me, and greet 'Aisha and
say: "Umar bin Al-Khattab asks permission (to be buried with the Prophet
(Sallallahu 'Alaihi Wa Sallam) ), and if she gives permission, bury me
there, and if she refuses, then take me to the grave-yard of the Muslims."
Then Hafsa (the mother of the believers) came with many other women walking
with her. When we saw her, we went away. She went in (to 'Umar) and wept
there for sometime. When the men asked for permission to enter, she went
into another place, and we heard her weeping inside. The people said (to
'Umar), "O chief of the believers! Appoint a successor." Umar said, "I do
not find anyone more suitable for the job than the following persons or
group whom Allah's Apostle (Sallallahu 'Alaihi Wa Sallam) had been pleased
with before he died." Then 'Umar mentioned 'Ali, 'Uthman, AzZubair, Talha,
Sad and 'Abdur-Rahman (bin Auf) and said, "Abdullah bin 'Umar will be a
witness to you, but he will have no share in the rule. His being a witness
will compensate him for not sharing the right of ruling. If Sad becomes the
ruler, it will be alright: otherwise, whoever becomes the ruler should seek
his help, as I have not dismissed him because of disability or dishonesty."
'Umar added, "I recommend that my successor takes care of the early
emigrants; to know their rights and protect their honor and sacred things.
I also recommend that he be kind to the Ansar who had lived in Medina
before the emigrants and before Belief had entered their hearts. I
recommend that the (ruler) should accept the good of the righteous among
them and excuse their wrong-doers, and I recommend that he should do good
to all the people of the towns (Al-Ansar), as they are the protectors of
Islam and the source of wealth and the source of annoyance to the enemy. I
also recommend that nothing be taken from them except from their surplus
with their consent. I also recommend that he do good to the 'Arab bedouin,
as they are the origin of the 'Arabs and the material of Islam. He should
take from what is inferior, amongst their properties and distribute that to
the poor amongst them. I also recommend him concerning Allah's and His
Apostle's protectees (i.e. Dhimmis) to fulfill their contracts and to fight
for them and not to overburden them with what is beyond their ability." So
when 'Umar expired, we carried him out and set out walking. 'Abdullah bin
'Umar greeted ('Aisha) and said, "'Umar bin Al-Khattab asks for
permission." 'Aisha said, "Bring him in." He was brought in and buried
beside his two companions.
When he was buried, the group (recommended by 'Umar) held a meeting. Then
'Abdur-Rahman said, " Reduce the candidates for rulership to three of you."
Az-Zubair said, "I give up my right to Ali." Talha said, "I give up my
right to 'Uthman," Sad, 'I give up my right to 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf."
'Abdur-Rahman then said (to 'Uthman and 'Ali), "Now which of you is willing
to give up his right of candidacy to that he may choose the better of the
(remaining) two, bearing in mind that Allah and Islam will be his
witnesses." So both the sheiks (i.e. 'Uthman and 'Ali) kept silent.
'Abdur-Rahman said, "Will you both leave this matter to me, and I take
Allah as my Witness that I will not choose but the better of you?" They
said, "Yes." So 'Abdur-Rahman took the hand of one of them (i.e. 'Ali) and
said, "You are related to Allah's Apostle (Sallallahu 'Alaihi Wa Sallam)
and one of the earliest Muslims as you know well. So I ask you by Allah to
promise that if I select you as a ruler you will do justice, and if I
select 'Uthman as a ruler you will listen to him and obey him." Then he
took the other (i.e. 'Uthman) aside and said the same to him. When
'Abdur-Rahman secured (their agreement to) this covenant, he said, "O
'Uthman! Raise your hand." So he (i.e. 'Abdur-Rahman) gave him (i.e.
'Uthman) the solemn pledge, and then 'Ali gave him the pledge of allegiance
and then all the (Medina) people gave him the pledge of allegiance.
Bukhari Vol. 5 : No. 50
--
Ma'asalaam
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